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Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Visualization of Bacterial Resistance using Fluorescent Antibiotic Probes

Visualization of Bacterial Resistance using Fluorescent Antibiotic Probes

Published on: March 2, 2020

Rainbow Vectors for Broad-Range Bacterial Fluorescence Labeling.

Mariette Barbier¹, F Heath Damron¹

¹West Virginia University School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America.

|March 4, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed plasmids for 12 fluorescent proteins to label bacteria, aiding pathogen-host interaction studies. E2-Crimson showed the best performance for bacterial imaging and in vivo applications.

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Last Updated: Mar 24, 2026

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology

Background:

Fluorescent proteins (FPs) are vital tools for studying biological processes, including protein dynamics and imaging.
Modifications have enhanced FP brightness and stability, but their expression dynamics in bacteria remain understudied.
Bacterial labeling is crucial for understanding pathogen-host interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and characterize a set of plasmids encoding 12 fluorescent proteins for bacterial labeling.
To compare the expression, photostability, maturation, and toxicity of these FPs in Gram-negative bacteria.
To provide recommendations for optimal FP selection in vitro and in vivo.

Main Methods:

Construction of broad-spectrum plasmids encoding 12 FPs for bacterial expression.
Analysis of FP expression and characteristics in Escherichia coli using fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, and in vivo imaging.
Comparative evaluation of photostability, maturation time, and toxicity across different FP families.

Main Results:

Proteins from the Discosoma sp. and Fungia coccina families exhibited superior photostability for microscopy compared to Aequorea Victoria FPs.
E2-Crimson, mCherry, and mKeima were the only FPs detectable for in vivo applications.
E2-Crimson demonstrated the fastest maturation and best overall performance in Escherichia coli.

Conclusions:

This study offers a comprehensive comparison of FP performance in bacteria, guiding selection for specific applications.
E2-Crimson is recommended for its rapid maturation and excellent performance in bacterial labeling.
The developed plasmids provide a versatile tool for studying bacterial dynamics and pathogen-host interactions.