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Related Concept Videos

The Extracellular Matrix01:29

The Extracellular Matrix

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In order to maintain tissue organization, many animal cells are surrounded by structural molecules that make up the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, the molecules in the ECM maintain the structural integrity of tissue as well as the remarkable specific properties of certain tissues.
Composition of the Extracellular Matrix
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is commonly composed of ground substance, a gel-like fluid, fibrous components, and many structurally and functionally diverse...
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Extracellular Matrix01:26

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Unlike epithelial tissue, which is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. This extracellular matrix (ECM) is composed of fibrous proteins like collagen, elastin, and fibronectin in a ground substance consisting of interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, and proteoglycans. The proteoglycans form a gel-like material in the spaces between cells and provide hydration, buffering, binding, and force...
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Overview of Cell-Matrix Interactions01:24

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The extracellular matrix or ECM holds cells together to form a tissue and allows the cells within the tissue to communicate. ECM comprises proteins such as fibronectin, collagen, laminin, etc. The most abundant protein in this space is collagen. Collagen fibers are interwoven with carbohydrate-containing protein molecules called proteoglycans. ECM allows cell migration and provides a structural scaffold at cell adhesion that anchors the cell when the extracellular matrix proteins interact with...
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Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces01:13

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In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
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Role of Matrix Metalloproteases in Degradation of ECM01:23

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Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of proteins and glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix. MMPs are essential for the migration and proliferation of cells through the dense matrix network, throughout embryonic development, and throughout morphogenesis. The first MMP activity discovered was a collagenase in a tadpole's tail undergoing metamorphosis. The active collagen deposition and modifications lead to the morphogenesis of tadpoles into the adult...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Using Cell-substrate Impedance and Live Cell Imaging to Measure Real-time Changes in Cellular Adhesion and De-adhesion Induced by Matrix Modification
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Lung extracellular matrix and redox regulation.

Walter H Watson1, Jeffrey D Ritzenthaler2, Jesse Roman3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Divisions of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders and Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Louisville, Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY, United States; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY, United States.

Redox Biology
|March 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Pulmonary fibrosis involves excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Redox reactions regulate ECM, and targeting them may offer new therapeutic strategies for lung fibrosis.

Keywords:
Extracellular matrixIntegrinsOxidative stressPulmonary fibrosisRedox

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A Rapid, Scalable Method for the Isolation, Functional Study, and Analysis of Cell-derived Extracellular Matrix
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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary fibrosis research
  • Extracellular matrix (ECM) biology
  • Oxidative stress and disease

Background:

  • Pulmonary fibrosis affects millions, characterized by excessive ECM deposition and tissue damage.
  • ECM proteins regulate cell functions but their uncontrolled deposition drives fibrotic diseases.
  • Oxidative stress is linked to lung disease, promoting ECM expression and affecting cell signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of redox reactions in regulating ECM in pulmonary fibrosis.
  • To highlight the potential of targeting redox reactions for therapeutic interventions.
  • To identify gaps in understanding for future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in vitro and in vivo studies on ECM regulation by redox reactions.
  • Analysis of the impact of oxidative stress on ECM deposition and cell signaling in lung disease.
  • Examination of human studies and reasons for disappointing outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Redox reactions are critical regulators of ECM homeostasis and fibrogenesis.
  • Oxidative stress exacerbates ECM production and influences integrin-mediated signaling.
  • Current human interventions targeting redox reactions have shown limited success.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding redox regulation of ECM is crucial for developing effective pulmonary fibrosis treatments.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate complex redox mechanisms and improve therapeutic strategies.
  • Targeting redox reactions holds promise but requires a deeper understanding of regulatory factors.