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An Allometric Modelling Approach to Identify the Optimal Body Shape Associated with, and Differences between

Simonete Silva1,2, Alcibíades Bustamante3, Alan Nevill4

  • 1Department of Physical Education, University Regional of Cariri, Crato, Ceará, Brazil.

Plos One
|March 4, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Children

Area of Science:

  • Anthropometry and Human Biology
  • Pediatric Health
  • Motor Performance Research

Background:

  • Socioeconomic and cultural factors influence child development, impacting body size, shape, and motor skills.
  • Cross-cultural variations in lifestyle contribute to disparities in physical development and performance among children.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for tailored health and education interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between body size, shape, and motor performance in Brazilian and Peruvian schoolchildren.
  • To identify key anthropometric indicators associated with motor performance across different countries.
  • To analyze the influence of biological maturation and physical activity on motor skills.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized allometric models to analyze anthropometric data (height, weight) and motor performance tests (12-minute run, handgrip strength, standing long jump, shuttle run speed).
  • Estimated biological maturation using the maturity offset technique and assessed physical activity via the Baecke questionnaire.
  • Employed a multiplicative allometric model to control for body size variations between Brazilian and Peruvian children.

Main Results:

  • The reciprocal ponderal index (RPI) emerged as the most significant body shape indicator for all tested motor performance metrics.
  • Positive biological maturation was correlated with enhanced performance in standing long jump, handgrip strength, and shuttle run speed.
  • Brazilian schoolchildren demonstrated superior motor performance compared to Peruvian peers, even after adjusting for body size and shape.

Conclusions:

  • Key body size and shape characteristics significantly influence motor performance in children.
  • Biological maturation and physical activity levels are important determinants of strength and motor skills.
  • Significant sex and country-based differences in motor performance exist, highlighting the need for culturally sensitive approaches in child development research.

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