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Related Concept Videos

Microbial Biosensors01:17

Microbial Biosensors

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Microbial biosensors are analytical devices that utilize living microbes to detect specific substances through measurable signals. These devices consist of two main components: biosensing organisms and signal-transducing elements. Biosensing organisms, such as Escherichia coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are typically housed in multiwell plates connected to transducers, enabling rapid, real-time detection of target analytes.Signal Generation MechanismWhen a target analyte—such as...
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Development of an Electrochemical DNA Biosensor to Detect a Foodborne Pathogen
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A liquid-crystal-based DNA biosensor for pathogen detection.

Mashooq Khan1, Abdur Rahim Khan2, Jae-Ho Shin2

  • 1Department of Polymer Science &Engineering, Polymeric Nanomaterials Laboratory, School of Applied Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, #1370 Sangyuk-dong, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea.

Scientific Reports
|March 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel liquid-crystal biosensor for highly specific DNA detection. The biosensor, utilizing a DNA probe on a liquid-crystal surface, can identify target DNA with high sensitivity and specificity, enabling pathogen detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomolecular Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Liquid crystals (LCs) offer unique optical properties exploitable in biosensing.
  • Developing highly specific and sensitive DNA detection methods is crucial for diagnostics and research.
  • Existing biosensors often require complex labeling or lack specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel liquid-crystal-based biosensor for the highly specific detection of target DNA molecules.
  • To investigate the orientation changes of LC molecules upon DNA probe adsorption and target binding.
  • To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and applicability of the biosensor for pathogen DNA detection.

Main Methods:

  • A transmission electron microscopy (TEM) grid cell was coated with dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) and a single-stranded DNA probe (ssDNAprobe) at the LC/aqueous interface.
  • The orientation of the LC (E7) was monitored using polarized optical microscopy under crossed polarizers.
  • The biosensor's response to complementary ssDNA, mismatched ssDNA, and double-stranded DNA was assessed.
  • Genomic DNA from Erwinia carotovora and Rhazictonia solani was used for validation.

Main Results:

  • The ssDNAprobe adsorption induced a homeotropic-to-planar orientation change in the DTAB-coated LC.
  • Binding of complementary ssDNA triggered a planar-to-homeotropic reorientation, observable optically.
  • The biosensor achieved a detection limit of ≥0.05 nM for complementary ssDNA at an optimal probe density of 2 μM.
  • The system successfully differentiated complementary ssDNA from mismatched and double-stranded DNA.
  • Genomic DNA from bacterial and fungal pathogens was accurately detected.

Conclusions:

  • The developed liquid-crystal/DNA probe biosensor demonstrates high specificity and sensitivity for target DNA detection.
  • The label-free, optical readout mechanism based on LC orientation changes is effective.
  • This biosensor technology holds promise for broadening the application of LC-based sensors in pathogen detection and other fields.