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A membrane-based microfluidic device for mechano-chemical cell manipulation.

Agnese Ravetto1, Imo E Hoefer2, Jaap M J den Toonder3,4

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.

Biomedical Microdevices
|March 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a microfluidic device to measure cell mechanical changes after chemical stimulation. The novel system allows for precise cell analysis before and after drug exposure, demonstrating potential for drug interaction studies.

Keywords:
Mechanical deformationchemical stimulationcirculating cell mechanicsintegrated membrane

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cellular Mechanics
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Investigating cellular responses to chemical stimuli requires precise control over both chemical exposure and mechanical analysis.
  • Existing methods often involve complex multi-step processes, limiting high-throughput analysis of cell-drug interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a microfluidic device capable of simultaneous chemical manipulation and mechanical investigation of circulating cells.
  • To assess the device's ability to detect changes in cell deformability following chemical stimulation.
  • To demonstrate the device's utility in evaluating drug effects on specific cell types.

Main Methods:

  • A microfluidic chip with two crossing channels separated by a porous membrane was designed.
  • Cells in the lower channel were exposed to chemical compounds diffused from the upper channel.
  • Cell mechanical properties were measured by analyzing cell deformation in micro-constrictions before and after chemical exposure.

Main Results:

  • The device successfully measured changes in monocytic cell deformability after stimulation with Cytochalasin-D, an actin-disrupting agent.
  • The anti-inflammatory drug Pentoxifylline demonstrated an effect on monocytic cell entry time into micro-constrictions.
  • Challenges were noted with monocytes from atherosclerosis patients due to increased adhesion.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microfluidic device effectively detects alterations in cell mechanical properties induced by chemical cues.
  • This system shows promise as a cellular assay for analyzing cell-drug interactions and evaluating drug efficacy.
  • Further refinement may be needed to accommodate cells with high adhesion properties.