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Related Concept Videos

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Microstructural Changes within the Basal Ganglia Differ between Parkinson Disease Subtypes.

Lidia M Nagae1, Justin M Honce1, Jody Tanabe1

  • 1Department of Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medial Campus Aurora, CO, USA.

Frontiers in Neuroanatomy
|March 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) reveals significant microstructural changes in the substantia nigra and globus pallidus of Parkinson disease (PD) patients. These changes, particularly in the globus pallidus, are more pronounced in the postural instability/gait difficulty (PIGD) subtype.

Keywords:
Parkinson diseasebasal gangliadiffusion tensor imagingmotor subtypes

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) shows potential for detecting neurodegeneration in Parkinson disease (PD).
  • The relationship between basal ganglia microstructural changes and PD motor subtypes remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate basal ganglia microstructural changes in mild to moderate PD using DTI.
  • To determine if DTI-detected microstructural changes differ between tremor-dominant (TD) and postural instability/gait difficulty (PIGD) PD subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • DTI was used to obtain fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD).
  • Measurements were taken from the caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, and substantia nigra in 21 PD patients (12 TD, 9 PIGD) and 20 controls.
  • Statistical analyses included t-tests, ANOVA, and Spearman correlations.

Main Results:

  • PD patients exhibited reduced FA in the substantia nigra and increased MD and RD in the substantia nigra and globus pallidus compared to controls.
  • These microstructural changes were primarily driven by the PIGD subtype.
  • In PD patients, substantia nigra FA correlated with disease stage. In PIGD patients, globus pallidus diffusivity correlated with disease stage and motor severity.

Conclusions:

  • The PIGD subtype of Parkinson disease shows more severe microstructural alterations in the substantia nigra compared to the TD subtype.
  • Microstructural changes in the globus pallidus are significantly associated with the PIGD subtype's clinical presentation and progression.