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Ocular Surface Disorders in a Group of Egyptian Children with End Stage Renal Failure on Dialysis: A Cross-Sectional

Mohamed Anbar1, Ahmed R H Ahmed2, Abdel-Azeem M El-Mazary3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.

Journal of Ophthalmology
|March 5, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Children with end-stage renal failure (ESRF) on dialysis experience reduced tear function and more dry eye symptoms. The duration of ESRF and dialysis correlates with these tear disturbances, while squamous metaplasia is rare.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Nephrology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • End-stage renal failure (ESRF) affects multiple organ systems, potentially impacting ocular health.
  • Children undergoing dialysis for ESRF may be at risk for ocular surface complications.
  • Understanding tear function is crucial for diagnosing and managing dry eye disease in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate tear function, ocular manifestations, and conjunctival squamous metaplasia (SMCE) in children with ESRF on dialysis.
  • To correlate tear function with clinical and biochemical variables in pediatric ESRF patients.

Main Methods:

  • Ophthalmologic examinations were performed on 30 children with ESRF and 20 age/sex-matched controls.
  • Tear function was assessed using Schirmer tests and tear film break-up time (TBUT).
  • Squamous metaplasia of the conjunctival epithelium (SMCE) was evaluated via impression cytology and immunocytochemistry.

Main Results:

  • Children with ESRF showed significantly lower Schirmer and TBUT values, indicating impaired tear secretion and stability.
  • Dry eye symptoms like itching and redness were more prevalent in ESRF children compared to controls.
  • Tear function deficits correlated inversely with the duration of ESRF and dialysis; SMCE was notably rare.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric patients with ESRF on dialysis exhibit reduced basal tear secretion and tear film stability.
  • The duration of ESRF and dialysis treatment appears linked to ocular surface tear film disturbances.
  • Squamous metaplasia of the conjunctival epithelium is uncommon in children with ESRF.

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