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Prefrontal Hemodynamic Functions during a Verbal Fluency Task in Blepharospasm Using Multi-Channel NIRS.

Chen-Yu Shen1,2, Yong-Jun Wang2,3, Xiao-Qian Zhang2

  • 1Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.

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|March 5, 2016
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Summary

Blepharospasm (BSP) may cause reduced prefrontal cortex activity, even without depression or anxiety. This study used near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to reveal hemodynamic changes in BSP patients, suggesting a direct link between BSP and brain function.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Imaging
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Blepharospasm (BSP) involves orbicularis oculi spasms, significantly impacting daily life.
  • The pathophysiology of BSP remains unclear, despite its known morbidity.
  • Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers a non-invasive method to assess cerebral blood flow with high temporal resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate hemodynamic response patterns in BSP patients using NIRS.
  • To determine if BSP itself influences prefrontal cortex function, independent of psychiatric comorbidities.
  • To utilize a verbal fluency task (VFT) combined with NIRS to assess prefrontal activity.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-three BSP patients and 13 healthy controls (HC) were examined using NIRS.
  • Participants were matched for gender and education.
  • Covariance analysis and Bonferroni post hoc tests were employed to compare hemodynamic responses between groups, controlling for age and education.

Main Results:

  • BSP patients without psychiatric symptoms showed significantly lower activation in the bilateral orbitofrontal area (ch36, 39, 41; P<0.01) compared to HC.
  • This is the first study to report on prefrontal cortex function in BSP using NIRS.
  • Findings suggest BSP alone is associated with hypoactive hemodynamic performance in the prefrontal cortex.

Conclusions:

  • Blepharospasm, in the absence of depression or anxiety, may directly lead to reduced prefrontal cortex hemodynamic activity.
  • These results provide novel insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying BSP.
  • NIRS is a valuable tool for identifying prefrontal cortex dysfunction in BSP patients.