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Increasing generosity by disrupting prefrontal cortex.

Leonardo Christov-Moore1, Taisei Sugiyama2, Kristina Grigaityte3

  • 1a Ahmanson-Lovelace Brain Mapping Center, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences , David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles , CA , USA.

Social Neuroscience
|March 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Disrupting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) with neuromodulation increased generosity in sharing games. This suggests reduced cognitive control reveals a natural human inclination towards prosocial behavior.

Keywords:
Empathycognitive controlneuroeconomicsprosocial behaviortranscranial magnetic stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Social Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Prosocial behavior in sharing games is thought to be regulated by prefrontal cortex control over self-maximizing tendencies.
  • Understanding the neural mechanisms of costly sharing decisions is crucial for comprehending social behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal role of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) in regulating costly prosocial sharing.
  • To determine if disrupting these prefrontal areas alters generosity in a Dictator Game.

Main Methods:

  • Continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) was used to temporarily disrupt activity in the right DLPFC and DMPFC.
  • A control condition involved cTBS over the right MT/V5 area.
  • Subjects participated in an unsupervised Dictator Game, allocating real money to themselves and players of varying socioeconomic status (SES).

Main Results:

  • cTBS over both the DLPFC and DMPFC significantly increased prosocial sharing compared to the control condition.
  • Disrupting the DLPFC specifically enhanced generosity towards high-SES players.
  • Disrupting the DMPFC specifically increased offers to low-SES players.

Conclusions:

  • The DLPFC and DMPFC exert inhibitory control over prosocial inclinations during costly sharing decisions.
  • These prefrontal regions may implement distinct forms of control: contextual (DLPFC) and tonic (DMPFC).
  • Reduced cognitive control reveals a prepotent prosocial inclination in humans, even in anonymous, non-strategic sharing scenarios.