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Cellular Therapies in Systemic Sclerosis: Recent Progress.

Femke C C van Rhijn-Brouwer1, Hendrik Gremmels1, Joost O Fledderus1

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Systemic sclerosis (SSc) treatments are limited, but cellular therapies show promise. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is currently the only therapy demonstrating clinical benefits for SSc patients.

Keywords:
Cellular therapyDendritic cellsHematopoietic stem cell transplantationMesenchymal stromal cellsRegulatory T cellsSystemic sclerosis

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology
  • Cellular Therapy

Background:

  • Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare, severe autoimmune disease with limited treatment options.
  • Despite advancements, high mortality and morbidity persist in SSc patients.
  • Cellular therapies have emerged as potential disease-modifying treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review current cellular therapies for SSc.
  • To critically assess the therapeutic merit of these cellular therapies.
  • To identify future research directions for SSc cellular therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cellular therapies studied in SSc and other conditions.
  • Critical analysis of existing mechanistic studies and clinical trial data.
  • Assessment of cellular therapy impact on immune system, angiogenesis, and fibrosis.

Main Results:

  • Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only cellular therapy with demonstrated clinical effects in SSc.
  • HSCT impacts the immune system, promotes neoangiogenesis, and reduces fibrosis.
  • Further research is needed to fully establish the role of cellular therapies in SSc.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular therapies, particularly HSCT, offer potential for treating SSc.
  • Robust mechanistic studies and clinical trials are crucial for advancing SSc cellular therapy.
  • Developing effective disease-modifying treatments for SSc remains a critical unmet need.