Oral submucous fibrosis: a review

Area of Science:

• Oral pathology
• Oncology
• Public Health

Background:

• Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSF) was poorly understood in the 1960s but is now a significant precancerous condition.
• The disease's prevalence and recognition have grown substantially since the 1960s.
• Understanding OSF is crucial for early detection and management of oral cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and synthesize all literature on Oral Submucous Fibrosis published since 1967.
• To consolidate current knowledge on the epidemiology, aetiology, and clinical significance of OSF.
• To provide a comprehensive overview based on cumulative experience and extensive literature review.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature search of publications on Oral Submucous Fibrosis from 1967 onwards.
• Analysis and synthesis of epidemiological data, etiological factors, and clinical manifestations.
• Integration of the author's personal experience with existing research.

Main Results:

• OSF is a progressive fibrotic condition of the oral mucosa with malignant transformation potential.
• Key etiological factors include areca nut chewing, often in combination with other substances.
• Clinical presentation varies, but early signs are essential for timely intervention.

Conclusions:

• Oral Submucous Fibrosis is a significant public health concern due to its precancerous nature.
• Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex aetiology and improve treatment strategies.
• Unified understanding of OSF epidemiology and clinical significance is vital for global health initiatives.