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Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Visualization of Streptococcus pneumoniae within Cardiac Microlesions and Subsequent Cardiac Remodeling
Published on: April 7, 2015
Risk factors for the development of postoperative pneumonia after cardiac surgery
Rafael Vera Urquiza1, Eduardo Rafael Bucio Reta2, Enrique Alexander Berríos Bárcenas3
1Adult Cardiology at Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico.
Objective:
Identify risk factors that determine pneumonia development in patients who have undergone cardiac surgery.
Methods:
Prospective study of a single cohort in a postoperative intensive care unit at a tertiary care center, encompassing all patients undergoing cardiac surgery from January to July 2014.
Results:
31 postoperative pneumonia cases were enrolled out of 211 patients (14.6%). The following independent risk factors were identified: hypertension (OR: 3.94, p=0.01), chronic renal failure (OR: 13.67, p=0.02), reintubation (OR: 22.29, p=0.001) and extubation after 6h (OR: 15.81, p=0.005).
Conclusions:
Main determinants for pneumonia after surgery were hypertension, chronic renal failure, extubation after 6h and reintubation.
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