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Mechanical circulatory support in pediatrics.

Robert J Steffen1, Kyle G Miletic1, Dean P Schraufnagel1

  • 1a Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery , Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland , OH , USA.

Expert Review of Medical Devices
|March 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mechanical circulatory support devices aid children with end-stage heart failure. Newer ventricular assist devices (VADs) show promise, with ongoing research focusing on novel applications and improved durability for pediatric patients.

Keywords:
Mechanical circulatory supportbridge-to-transplantcongenital heart diseaseheart failurepediatrics

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Mechanical Circulatory Support

Background:

  • End-stage heart failure impacts thousands of children annually, necessitating advanced medical interventions.
  • Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) plays a crucial role throughout pediatric cardiac care.
  • Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) supports failing heart and lung function, utilized in resuscitation and post-operative shock.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape and future directions of mechanical circulatory support in pediatric patients.
  • To highlight advancements in ventricular assist devices (VADs) for children.
  • To identify emerging applications and areas for improvement in pediatric MCS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on pediatric mechanical circulatory support.
  • Discussion of existing technologies like ECMO and VADs.
  • Exploration of novel applications for congenital heart defects.

Main Results:

  • Continuous-flow VADs are increasingly adopted, showing promising initial results in pediatric populations.
  • The Berlin paracorporeal pulsatile VAD is the sole FDA-approved VAD for pediatric use.
  • Univentricular hearts and complex congenital lesions represent new frontiers for MCS.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric mechanical circulatory support is evolving, with a focus on adapting devices for complex congenital conditions.
  • Continued innovation is essential to enhance VAD durability and minimize complications in children.
  • Future research should explore novel uses and optimize existing MCS technologies for pediatric end-stage heart failure.