[Progress on the Function of Herpesvirus-encoded MicroRNAs].

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Molecular Biology
• RNA Biology

Context:

• Since 2004, over 470 microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified in various herpesviruses.
• Herpesvirus-encoded miRNAs are small, non-coding RNA molecules (18-25 nucleotides).
• These miRNAs regulate gene expression by targeting messenger RNA transcripts.

Purpose:

• To review and summarize the known targets of herpesvirus-encoded miRNAs.
• To elucidate the functions of these miRNA targets in viral processes.
• To provide a foundation for analyzing herpesviral pathogenesis.

Summary:

• Herpesvirus miRNAs regulate critical viral genes involved in latency and lytic replication.
• They also modulate host cellular genes, impacting immune recognition and apoptosis.
• Evidence suggests a role for these miRNAs in virus-associated tumorigenesis.

Impact:

• Understanding herpesvirus miRNA functions offers insights into viral pathogenesis.
• This knowledge can support the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
• Provides theoretical support for further research into herpesviral diseases.