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Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
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Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

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Sleep Characteristics in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

Amparo Díaz-Román1, Eva Hita-Yáñez1, Gualberto Buela-Casal1

  • 1Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center, CIMCYC, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine
|March 9, 2016
PubMed

Insights

This study found children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) spend more time in stage 1 sleep compared to controls, suggesting a potential sleep physiology link. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatrics
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Sleep disturbances are frequently reported in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
  • However, conclusive evidence for a distinct sleep physiology inherent to ADHD remains unclear.
  • Existing studies lack sufficient data to establish a definitive relationship.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether a specific sleep physiology exists in children diagnosed with ADHD.
  • To compare sleep parameters between children with ADHD and neurotypical control groups.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO) and manual searches from 1987 to March 2014.
  • Eleven studies meeting inclusion and quality criteria were selected from 8,678 retrieved articles.
  • Two meta-analyses were performed using polysomnographic and actigraphic data from eight studies, employing a fixed-effects model and standardized mean difference (SMD).

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant difference was observed in the polysomnography meta-analysis.
  • Children with ADHD exhibited increased time spent in stage 1 sleep compared to control children (pooled SMD = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.08-0.55, p = 0.009).
  • No significant differences were found in the actigraphy-based meta-analysis.

Conclusions:

  • This review identified limited sleep differences between children with ADHD and controls.
  • Further research is recommended, considering variables like assessment criteria and ADHD subtypes.
  • Reliable conclusions for clinical practice and research necessitate addressing these factors in future studies.
Abstract

Keywords:
ADHDattention deficit hyperactivity disorderchildrenmeta-analysissleepsystematic review

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