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Bacteremia and Deep Vein Thrombosis in an Infant

Louis G Pruitt1, Joel C Mosley1, Richard F Lasseigne1

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana; Our Lady of the Lake Children's Hospital, Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

The Journal of Emergency Medicine
|March 9, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is rare in infants, but leg swelling can signal this serious condition. Early diagnosis via ultrasound and prompt treatment are crucial for infants with DVT.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is uncommon in infants but frequently observed in hospitalized children, often linked to central venous catheters.
  • In pediatric cases, DVT signifies a hypercoagulable state, necessitating swift diagnosis and management of both the clot and its root cause.

Observation:

  • A previously healthy 6-month-old male presented with unilateral leg swelling, a symptom leading to emergency department evaluation.
  • Duplex ultrasonography identified multiple deep vein thromboses (DVTs) in the affected leg's vasculature.
  • Blood cultures confirmed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection, indicating a potential underlying cause for the thrombosis.

Findings:

  • New-onset extremity swelling in infants can be an initial presentation of deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
  • Duplex ultrasonography is a valuable, non-invasive tool for emergency physicians to diagnose or exclude DVT in infants.
  • The presence of DVT in pediatric patients may indicate critical underlying conditions such as infection or malignancy.

Implications:

  • Emergency physicians must consider DVT in infants presenting with limb swelling, even if rare.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management of DVT in children are essential for preventing complications and addressing associated critical illnesses.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering DVT in the differential diagnosis of infant leg swelling, especially when associated with infection like MRSA.
Abstract

Keywords:
DVTMRSAbacteremiapediatrics

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