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Arterial pressure and aging.

E G Lakatta1

  • 1Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224.

International Journal of Cardiology
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
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Aging increases systolic blood pressure due to arterial stiffening, impacting cardiac function. These age-related cardiovascular changes resemble hypertension, suggesting accelerated aging.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular physiology
  • Gerontology
  • Hypertension research

Background:

  • Systolic arterial pressure rises with age, affecting both normal and hypertensive ranges.
  • Arterial stiffening is a primary contributor to age-related increases in blood pressure.
  • The influence of lifestyle on these aging-related vascular changes remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cardiovascular adaptations to aging and arterial stiffening.
  • To explore the relationship between aging, hypertension, and cardiac remodeling.
  • To understand the mechanisms underlying altered cardiac function in the aging process.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of arterial pulse wave velocity and aortic impedance.
  • Assessment of cardiac adaptations including left ventricular hypertrophy.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Evaluation of myocardial contractile protein activation and relaxation dynamics.
  • Examination of left ventricular filling patterns and atrial contribution.

    • Main Results:

    • Arterial stiffening leads to increased pulse wave velocity and altered reflected wave timing.
    • Elevated aortic impedance during ejection causes a late peak in systolic pressure.
    • Cardiac adaptations include left ventricular hypertrophy and prolonged Ca2+ activation, resulting in delayed relaxation.
    • Despite increased afterload, heart volume and ejection fraction are maintained through myocardial adaptations.

    Conclusions:

    • Aging-induced arterial stiffening significantly impacts systolic pressure and cardiac mechanics.
    • Cardiac adaptations allow for preserved heart function despite increased afterload in aging.
    • Hypertension shares similarities with accelerated aging, suggesting common pathophysiological pathways.