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The ADAPAR Birth Cohort Study: Food Allergy Results at Five Years and New Insights
Dilek Doğruel1, Gülbin Bingöl, Mustafa Yılmaz
1Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, x00C7;ukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey.
Insights
Most children with food allergies like cow's milk and egg allergy develop tolerance before school age. This study tracked 33 children, finding high rates of resolution by age five, aiding pediatrician advice.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Clinical Pediatrics
- Immunology
Background:
- Food allergy (FA) is often transient in childhood, but resolution timing varies.
- The ADAPAR (Adana Pediatric Allergy Research) birth cohort study in southern Turkey investigated FA resolution.
- Factors influencing FA resolution in infants were analyzed up to age five.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the rate and age of food allergy (FA) resolution in infants.
- To identify common allergens responsible for childhood FA.
- To provide data for pediatricians advising parents on FA management.
Main Methods:
- Follow-up assessments of 33 infants diagnosed with FA at one year of age.
- Assessments conducted every six months until age five.
- Included clinical examination, questionnaires, blood sampling, and skin-prick tests.
Main Results:
- Cow's milk (n=20) and egg (n=17) were the most common culprit allergens.
- High tolerance rates observed: 14/17 with egg allergy and 16/20 with milk allergy achieved tolerance.
- Mean age of tolerance was 22.4 months for egg and 20.9 months for cow's milk.
Conclusions:
- Confirms early and high tolerance rates for infant-onset food allergies before school age.
- Findings support pediatricians in providing informed guidance to parents.
- Early tolerance development is a key factor in managing childhood food allergies.
Background:
Although food allergy (FA) is often a transient condition during childhood, when and in whom FA will resolve can be affected by many factors. In this study, we analyzed the data at 5 years on 33 children diagnosed with FA in the ADAPAR (Adana Pediatric Allergy Research) birth cohort study in southern Turkey.
Methods:
Thirty-three infants detected as having FA at the end of their first year in the ADAPAR study were assessed every 6 months until the age of 5 years. Each follow-up included a clinical examination, questionnaire, blood sampling and a skin-prick test.
Results:
Culprit allergens were cow's milk (n = 20), eggs (n = 17), chicken meat (n = 1) and bananas (n = 1). Of the 17 patients with egg allergy, 14 developed complete tolerance and 1 developed partial tolerance (i.e. tolerance to baked food). Of the 20 patients with milk allergy, complete tolerance was observed in 16 and partial tolerance in 1. The mean age of tolerance to egg was 22.4 ± 7.5 months and to cow's milk, it was 20.9 ± 1.1 months. Complete tolerance developed in 1 case allergic to chicken meat and in 1 case allergic to banana. Other allergic conditions were also determined: allergic rhinitis in 27.2%, atopic dermatitis in 21.2%, asthma in 9%, urticaria in 9% and drugs in 9%.
Conclusions:
Our results confirm early and high tolerance rates before school age in children with food allergies that started in infancy. This will help pediatricians to give more informed advice to parents of infants with cow's milk or hen's egg allergy.
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