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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

52.4K
The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

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Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
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The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

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The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...
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Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

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Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
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Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

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Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.
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Cochlear changes in serous labyrinthitis associated with silent otitis media: A human temporal bone study.

Serdar Kaya1, Vladimir Tsuprun2, Ömer Hızlı3

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Gebze Fatih State Hospital Division of Otolaryngology, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.

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Serous labyrinthitis, an inner ear condition, causes significant outer hair cell loss and increased endolymphatic hydrops in the cochlea. This study examined histopathological findings in human temporal bones.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Histopathology
  • Inner Ear Disorders

Background:

  • Serous labyrinthitis is an inflammation of the inner ear.
  • Silent otitis media can be associated with serous labyrinthitis.
  • Understanding cochlear changes is crucial for managing hearing loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate histopathological alterations in human temporal bones with serous labyrinthitis.
  • To correlate serous labyrinthitis with silent otitis media.
  • To assess cochlear damage, including hair cell loss and endolymphatic hydrops.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of 20 human temporal bones with serous labyrinthitis and 20 controls.
  • Histopathological examination focused on cochlear structures.
  • Evaluation of endolymphatic hydrops, spiral ganglion cells, hair cells, and fibrocytes.

Main Results:

  • Significant outer hair cell loss observed in basal and middle cochlear turns (P<0.05).
  • A significant increase in the degree of endolymphatic hydrops was noted (P=0.036).
  • No significant differences in inner hair cells, spiral ganglion cells, or fibrocytes were found.

Conclusions:

  • Serous labyrinthitis leads to substantial outer hair cell damage.
  • Increased endolymphatic hydrops is a key finding associated with serous labyrinthitis.
  • Further research may elucidate mechanisms of cochlear damage in serous labyrinthitis.