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Updated: Mar 24, 2026
Manual Muscle Testing: A Method of Measuring Extremity Muscle Strength Applied to Critically Ill Patients
Published on: April 12, 2011
Measurement of muscle strength with handheld dynamometer in Intensive Care Unit
Nidhi R Samosawala1, K Vaishali1, B Chakravarthy Kalyana1
1Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, India.
Background:
Intensive Care Unit (ICU) acquired weakness is a common complication in critically ill patients affecting their prognosis. The handheld dynamometry is an objective method in detecting minimum muscle strength change, which has an impact on the physical function of ICU survivors. The minimal change in the force can be measured in units of weight such as pounds or kilograms.
Aim Of The Study:
To detect the changes in peripheral muscle strength with handheld dynamometer in the early stage of ICU stay and to observe the progression of muscle weakness.
Methodology:
Three upper and three lower limb muscles force measured with handheld dynamometer during ICU stay. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA to detect changes in force generated by muscle on alternate days of ICU stay.
Results:
There was a reduction in peripheral muscle strength from day 3 to day 5 as well from day 5 to day 7 of ICU stay (P < 0.01). The average reduction in peripheral muscle strength was 11.8% during ICU stay.
Conclusion:
This study showed a progressive reduction in peripheral muscle strength as measured by handheld dynamometer during early period of ICU stay.
