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Related Experiment Video

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Modeling Colitis-Associated Cancer with Azoxymethane AOM and Dextran Sulfate Sodium DSS
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Fermentable Carbohydrates Differentially Affect Colon Tumor Formation in Azoxymethane-Induced Male Fischer 344 Rats.

Jayadev Raju1, Jennifer Roberts1, QiXuan Chen2

  • 1Regulatory Toxicology Research Division, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

The Journal of Nutrition
|March 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Certain dietary fibers, like wheat bran and polydextrose, significantly reduced colon tumor incidence and burden in rats. The study highlights the importance of fermentation characteristics in dietary fiber

Keywords:
azoxymethanecolon tumorigenesisfermentationfructooligosaccharidehigh-amylose maize starchoat branpolydextrosewheat bran

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Oncology

Background:

  • The precise role of dietary fiber fermentation versus its source in colon cancer development is unclear.
  • Refining the definition of dietary fiber requires understanding these distinctions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the fermentation and source-specific impacts of various carbohydrates on colon tumorigenesis.
  • To utilize a medium-term rat model for colon cancer induction.

Main Methods:

  • Fischer 344 rats were fed diets with specific carbohydrates (fructooligosaccharides, wheat bran, oat bran, polydextrose, high-amylose maize starch) or control.
  • Azoxymethane was administered to induce colon tumors, followed by a 24-week observation period.
  • Colon tumor outcomes, pathology, and cecal short-chain fatty acids were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Wheat bran and polydextrose significantly lowered colon tumor incidence compared to controls.
  • Fermentable carbohydrates, particularly wheat bran, reduced the number and burden of tumors in the proximal colon.
  • No significant differences in total cecal short-chain fatty acids were observed among the diet groups.

Conclusions:

  • Both the rate and extent of carbohydrate fermentation influence colon tumor development.
  • The specific characteristics of dietary materials in the gastrointestinal tract play a crucial role in colon tumorigenesis outcomes.