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Diphtheritic polyneuropathy in the wake of resurgence of diphtheria

D Manikyamba1, A Satyavani1, P Deepa1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences
|March 11, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Diphtheritic polyneuropathy (DP) in children often presents with bulbar palsy and can lead to quadriparesis. Despite severe symptoms, DP generally has a good prognosis with timely diagnosis and management, leading to complete recovery in most cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Diphtheria, a bacterial infection, can lead to serious neurological complications.
  • Diphtheritic polyneuropathy (DP) is a significant post-infectious complication in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of diphtheritic polyneuropathy in pediatric patients.
  • To understand the presentation, diagnostic findings, and recovery patterns of DP in children.

Main Methods:

  • A study cohort of 13 children diagnosed with polyneuropathy was analyzed.
  • Data collected included demographics, immunization status, clinical and neurological examinations.
  • Diagnostic investigations comprised CSF analysis, nerve conduction velocity (NCV) studies, and MRI of the brain.

Main Results:

  • All affected children had a history of membranous tonsillitis and presented with bulbar palsy.
  • Isolated palatal palsy occurred in 53% of cases, while 46.1% developed quadriparesis.
  • One child expired; the remaining 12 showed complete recovery, with shorter recovery times for isolated bulbar palsy (2-4 weeks) compared to quadriparesis (5-6 weeks).

Conclusions:

  • Children diagnosed with diphtheria require 3-6 months of follow-up for potential neurological complications like DP.
  • DP exhibits a favorable prognosis, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and differentiation from other neuropathies for effective management.
Abstract

Keywords:
Anti-diphtheritic serumcomplicationsdiphtheriapolyneuropathy

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