International survey on skin patch test procedures, attitudes and interpretation

Area of Science:

• Allergy and Immunology
• Dermatology
• Diagnostic Procedures

Background:

• Skin patch testing is the established gold standard for diagnosing contact allergy.
• Despite over 100 years of use, significant variability exists globally in patch test procedures.
• Factors influencing results include reagent quality, timing, allergen series, interpretation, and patient benefit evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the current practices and variability in skin patch testing procedures worldwide.
• To identify factors contributing to the heterogeneity of patch test application and interpretation.

Main Methods:

• An internet-based survey with 38 questions was distributed to national representatives of the World Allergy Organization (WAO) and the WAO Junior Members Group.
• The survey covered educational background, patch test methods, and interpretation protocols.

Main Results:

• 169 responses from 47 countries indicated widespread use of diverse guidelines and home-made preparations (47%).
• Most participants (70%) routinely performed patch tests, with 73% conducting 2-3 readings.
• Adverse reactions were reported, yet only 30% used consent forms.

Conclusions:

• Significant heterogeneity in patch testing practices exists globally.
• Lack of standardization raises concerns regarding the reliability and comparability of diagnostic outcomes.
• Harmonization of patch test procedures is crucial for accurate contact allergy diagnosis.