Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

3.2K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
3.2K
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

16
Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
16
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

10.3K
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
10.3K
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

10.9K
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
10.9K
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

18.4K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
18.4K
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

13.8K
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
13.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Voices across Asia and Oceania: Biochemistry across borders.

Trends in biochemical sciences·2026
Same author

Single-cell evidence for PANoptosome complexes.

Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology·2026
Same author

Urolithin A activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor-NLRP6-mediated pathways in intestinal epithelial cells to modulate mucosal immunity and strengthen gut barrier integrity.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Defining critical roles for ZBP1 in PANoptosis utilizing a novel genetic tool for disease modeling and therapeutic development.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Multifaceted Roles of the NLRC4 Inflammasome in Cancer: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Implications.

Journal of molecular biology·2026
Same author

Pharmacological targeting of the NLRP3 LRR domain with isothiazolinones overcomes CRID3-resistant inflammation.

EMBO molecular medicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
10:00

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes

Published on: March 24, 2015

13.9K

Type I Interferon Keeps IL-1β in Check.

Si Ming Man1, Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti1

  • 1Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.

Cell Host & Microbe
|March 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Type I interferons are crucial for host defense against Streptococcus pyogenes. Their production prevents harmful inflammation and lethality caused by the cytokine IL-1β.

More Related Videos

A High Resolution Method to Monitor Phosphorylation-dependent Activation of IRF3
11:44

A High Resolution Method to Monitor Phosphorylation-dependent Activation of IRF3

Published on: January 24, 2016

12.6K
Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Immunoblot Analysis of Endogenous IRF5 Dimerization
08:57

Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Immunoblot Analysis of Endogenous IRF5 Dimerization

Published on: October 6, 2019

10.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 24, 2026

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
10:00

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes

Published on: March 24, 2015

13.9K
A High Resolution Method to Monitor Phosphorylation-dependent Activation of IRF3
11:44

A High Resolution Method to Monitor Phosphorylation-dependent Activation of IRF3

Published on: January 24, 2016

12.6K
Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Immunoblot Analysis of Endogenous IRF5 Dimerization
08:57

Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Immunoblot Analysis of Endogenous IRF5 Dimerization

Published on: October 6, 2019

10.9K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Pathogen-host interactions

Background:

  • Type I interferons exhibit dual roles in host defense against pathogens.
  • Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, can drive detrimental inflammation and tissue damage during infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific role of type I interferons during Streptococcus pyogenes infection.
  • To determine if type I interferons modulate inflammation-associated pathology driven by IL-1β.

Main Methods:

  • Infection models utilizing Streptococcus pyogenes.
  • Analysis of host immune responses, including cytokine production and tissue damage markers.
  • Assessment of host survival and inflammatory pathways.

Main Results:

  • Type I interferons are produced during Streptococcus pyogenes infection.
  • The absence of type I interferons leads to increased inflammation-associated tissue damage.
  • Type I interferons are essential for preventing host lethality mediated by IL-1β.

Conclusions:

  • Type I interferons play a critical protective role against Streptococcus pyogenes-induced pathology.
  • Interferon signaling is required to counterbalance the detrimental effects of IL-1β during this infection.
  • Targeting type I interferon pathways could offer therapeutic strategies for severe bacterial infections.