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Actuarial Approach01:20

Actuarial Approach

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The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
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The Kaplan-Meier estimator is a non-parametric method used to estimate the survival function from time-to-event data. In medical research, it is frequently employed to measure the proportion of patients surviving for a certain period after treatment. This estimator is fundamental in analyzing time-to-event data, making it indispensable in clinical trials, epidemiological studies, and reliability engineering. By estimating survival probabilities, researchers can evaluate treatment effectiveness,...
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Life Tables01:22

Life Tables

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A life table is a statistical tool that summarizes the mortality and survival patterns of a population, providing detailed insights into the likelihood of survival or death across different age intervals within a cohort. By organizing data on survival probabilities and mortality rates, life tables offer a clear snapshot of population dynamics over time. They are extensively used in demography, public health, actuarial science, and ecology to analyze life expectancy, design health interventions,...
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The Mantel-Cox Log-Rank Test01:19

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Inverse Probability of Treatment Weighting Propensity Score using the Military Health System Data Repository and National Death Index
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Will the Latino Mortality Advantage Endure?

Noreen Goldman1

  • 1Office of Population Research, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA ngoldman@princeton.edu.

Research on Aging
|March 12, 2016
PubMed
Summary

The Latino survival advantage may be diminishing due to rising obesity and diabetes rates, despite lower smoking-related deaths. Factors like post-migration health declines and environmental stressors challenge future longevity gains for Hispanic populations.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Sociomedical Sciences

Background:

  • The Latino/Hispanic epidemiological paradox describes a survival advantage for Hispanic and Latino groups compared to non-Hispanic Whites in the U.S.
  • This advantage may be threatened by increasing rates of obesity and diabetes within Latino communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the future of the Latino survival advantage in the context of rising chronic disease rates and other health challenges.
  • To examine factors that may counteract or exacerbate health disparities for Latino populations in the U.S.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and health data concerning Latino and White populations in the U.S.
  • Analysis of trends in obesity, diabetes, disability, migration-related health changes, environmental stressors, inflammatory markers, and smoking-attributable mortality.
Keywords:
Hispanic paradoxLatinofuture survival

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Main Results:

  • High rates of obesity and diabetes, increased disability in older Latinos, post-migration health declines, and elevated inflammatory markers suggest a potential erosion of the survival advantage.
  • Lower smoking-attributable mortality among Latinos is a significant counterargument, but its long-term impact on overall longevity is uncertain.

Conclusions:

  • The long-term longevity advantage for Latino populations in the U.S. is questionable due to converging negative health trends.
  • While lower smoking rates offer some protection, other factors may impede future health improvements comparable to White populations.