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The Vanderbilt Memory & Aging Project: Study Design and Baseline Cohort Overview.

Angela L Jefferson1, Katherine A Gifford1, Lealani Mae Y Acosta1

  • 1Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD
|March 12, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Vascular factors are linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study established a cohort to investigate how vascular health impacts brain aging and cognitive decline in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and normal cognition.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseasebiomarkersbrain MRIcardiac MRImild cognitive impairmentvascular risk factors

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Vascular health factors often co-occur with Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • Understanding the intersection of vascular and cerebrovascular health with AD pathology is crucial for developing prevention and treatment strategies.
  • Systemic and brain vascular health significantly influence cognitive aging and neurodegenerative processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish the Vanderbilt Memory & Aging Project, a longitudinal case-control study.
  • To investigate the relationship between vascular health and brain aging.
  • To describe the baseline methodology and participant characteristics of the study cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 335 participants (age 60-92), including 168 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 167 cognitively normal controls (NC).
  • Collected comprehensive baseline data: physical/frailty exams, blood draws, neuropsychological tests, echocardiograms, cardiac and brain MRI.
  • Utilized 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection in a subset of participants.

Main Results:

  • MCI participants exhibited higher Framingham Stroke Risk Profile scores, systolic blood pressure, and left ventricular hypertrophy history compared to NC.
  • MCI participants performed worse on neuropsychological tests and were more likely to be APOEɛ4 carriers.
  • MCI participants showed altered CSF biomarkers: lower Aβ42, higher total tau, and higher p-tau compared to NC.

Conclusions:

  • The Vanderbilt Memory & Aging Project provides a rich dataset to explore links between vascular health, AD, and neurodegeneration.
  • Findings highlight the interplay between vascular factors and cognitive decline.
  • The study aims to inform novel strategies for delaying or preventing cognitive decline by understanding these complex pathways.