Systemic Amyloidosis and Extraocular Muscle Deposition
Veeral S Shah1, Kara M Cavuoto, Hilda Capo
1Department of Ophthalmology (VS), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Department of Ophthalmology (KMC, HC, SFG, SRD, NJS), Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
Amyloid deposition in eye muscles can signal systemic amyloidosis. Early ophthalmologist recognition of this rare condition is crucial for timely diagnosis and preventing severe organ damage.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neurology
- Pathology
Background:
- Systemic amyloidosis is a rare condition characterized by amyloid protein buildup in organs.
- Extraocular muscle involvement is an uncommon presentation of systemic amyloidosis.
Observation:
- A 67-year-old woman presented with acquired strabismus (exotropia and hypertropia).
- Magnetic resonance imaging revealed unilateral, diffuse extraocular muscle enlargement.
- Biopsy confirmed amyloid deposition in the affected muscle.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with systemic amyloidosis, indicated by monoclonal gammopathy.
- Isolated amyloid deposition in an extraocular muscle was the initial presenting sign.
Implications:
- Ophthalmologists should consider amyloidosis in the differential diagnosis of atypical acquired strabismus.
- Early detection by ophthalmologists is vital for managing systemic amyloidosis and preventing life-threatening end-organ damage.
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