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Anti-PD-L1/PD-1 immune therapies in ovarian cancer: basic mechanism and future clinical application
Masaki Mandai1, Junzo Hamanishi2, Kaoru Abiko2
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University, Osaka-Sayama, Japan. mandai@med.kindai.ac.jp.
Abstract:
Tumor immune therapy, especially anti-programmed cell death ligand-1/programmed cell death-1 (PD-L1/PD-1) treatment, is currently the focus of substantial attention. Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of mortality from gynecological malignancies, and novel treatment modalities, including immune therapy, are needed. However, a basic understanding of tumor immunity associated with the PD-L1/PD-1 signal has only recently emerged. In this review, we first discuss the importance of local tumor immunity, which affects the clinical outcome of ovarian cancer. We subsequently provide an overview of the basic findings regarding how the PD-L1/PD-1 signal influences local tumor immunity in ovarian cancer. Finally, we discuss what is needed to apply immune therapy in future clinical medicine.
Insights
Immune therapy targeting programmed cell death ligand-1/programmed cell death-1 (PD-L1/PD-1) shows promise for ovarian cancer. Understanding PD-L1/PD-1
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Gynecologic Oncology
Background:
- Ovarian cancer remains a leading cause of gynecological cancer mortality.
- Novel therapeutic strategies, including immunotherapy, are urgently needed.
- The role of the tumor microenvironment in ovarian cancer progression is increasingly recognized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the significance of local tumor immunity in ovarian cancer.
- To elucidate the influence of the programmed cell death ligand-1/programmed cell death-1 (PD-L1/PD-1) pathway on ovarian tumor immunity.
- To discuss future directions for clinical application of immune therapy in ovarian cancer.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on tumor immunity and PD-L1/PD-1 signaling in ovarian cancer.
- Analysis of current understanding of immune evasion mechanisms in ovarian cancer.
- Synthesis of findings to inform clinical translation of immunotherapies.
Main Results:
- Local tumor immunity significantly impacts clinical outcomes in ovarian cancer.
- The PD-L1/PD-1 axis plays a critical role in modulating the ovarian tumor immune microenvironment.
- Current knowledge gaps exist regarding the precise mechanisms of PD-L1/PD-1 in ovarian cancer immunity.
Conclusions:
- Enhanced understanding of local tumor immunity is crucial for effective ovarian cancer treatment.
- Targeting the PD-L1/PD-1 pathway holds therapeutic potential for ovarian cancer.
- Further research is needed to optimize the clinical application of immune therapy for ovarian cancer.
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