Bioenergetics and metabolism: a bench to bedside perspective

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Biochemistry
• Cell Biology

Background:

• Metabolism encompasses all chemical processes in organisms, with energy metabolism (bioenergetics) focusing on energy homeostasis at various levels.
• Dysregulated energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction are implicated in brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease.
• Mitochondria play a critical role in cellular energy production and are increasingly recognized as key players in neurodegeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the evolving role of energy metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases, with a specific focus on Alzheimer's disease.
• To emphasize the bench-to-bedside research process for developing therapeutic interventions targeting bioenergetics.
• To discuss challenges and strategies in translating basic research findings into clinical applications for Alzheimer's disease.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of energy metabolism, bioenergetics, mitochondrial function, and neurodegenerative diseases.
• Analysis of the bench-to-bedside research continuum: conceptual, basic, translational, and clinical stages.
• Case study illustrating bioenergetics as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease, including strategy development and clinical extension.

Main Results:

• Energy metabolism and bioenergetics are fundamentally linked to brain aging and neurodegeneration.
• Mitochondrial dysfunction is a significant contributor to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
• The review highlights successful translation of bioenergetic research from basic science to potential clinical applications for Alzheimer's disease.

Conclusions:

• Targeting energy metabolism and bioenergetic pathways, particularly mitochondrial function, offers promising therapeutic avenues for neurodegenerative diseases.
• The bench-to-bedside approach is essential for advancing our understanding and developing effective treatments for conditions like Alzheimer's disease.
• Overcoming challenges in linking basic science to clinical practice is crucial for realizing the full therapeutic potential of bioenergetic interventions.