Tetralogy of Fallot: Preoperative assessment with MR and CT imaging

Tetralogy of Fallot has a broad anatomical spectrum. In mild forms of the condition the obstruction is only located in the right ventricular infundibulum, whereas in severe forms the pulmonary valve is atretic, the pulmonary arteries are absent and the lung is supplied by aorto-pulmonary collateral arteries. Surgical management differs from conventional surgery in the former situation, whereas in the latter it is complex and requires reconstruction of the pulmonary arteries (unifocalization) carried out in more than one stage and with a high morbidity rate. The key factors to establish before corrective surgery are the levels and degree of obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract, the development of the pulmonary arteries and the presence of collateral arteries. The main role of magnetic resonance imaging along with that of computed tomography angiography are discussed and illustrated.