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The Chordin Morphogenetic Pathway.

Edward M De Robertis1, Yuki Moriyama1

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Current Topics in Developmental Biology
|March 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Chordin/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway self-organizes to establish animal dorsal-ventral patterning. This crucial developmental gradient scales effectively, even in experimental manipulations like bisected embryos.

Keywords:
BMPChordinGradientMorphogenSelf-organizationSizzledTolloid

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The Chordin/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway is fundamental for establishing dorsal-ventral (D-V) patterning in animal development.
  • This pathway involves a complex interplay of extracellular proteins, including BMPs, Chordin, Tolloid, Ont-1, Crossveinless-2, and Sizzled.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the self-organizing properties and scaling mechanisms of the Chordin/BMP pathway in D-V patterning.
  • To understand how the D-V BMP gradient is maintained through redundant regulatory processes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of extracellular protein interactions within the Chordin/BMP pathway.
  • Investigating gradient formation in Brachet's cleft (Xenopus).
  • Assessing pattern scaling in experimental models like bisected embryos and Spemann dorsal lip transplantation.

Main Results:

  • The Chordin/BMP pathway demonstrates self-organizing capabilities in establishing D-V patterning.
  • Gradient formation is maintained by regulating component synthesis, protein-protein interactions, and long-range diffusion.
  • The pathway effectively scales pattern in the dorsal half of bisected embryos.

Conclusions:

  • The Chordin/BMP pathway is a robust and self-organizing system essential for D-V patterning.
  • Redundant mechanisms ensure the precise maintenance and scaling of the BMP gradient during development.