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Medical student empathy: interpersonal distinctions and correlates.

Kevin D Jordan1, Penni Smith Foster2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Indiana State University, Root Hall B-202, Terre Haute, IN, 47809, USA. kevin.jordan@indstate.edu.

Advances in Health Sciences Education : Theory and Practice
|March 14, 2016
PubMed
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Medical student empathy, crucial for patient care, is linked to interpersonal warmth and specific social behaviors. Understanding these connections can enhance medical education and physician-patient relationships.

Keywords:
Interpersonal circumplexInterpersonal theoryMedical student empathy

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Psychology
  • Physician-Patient Relationship

Background:

  • Interpersonal behaviors and relational factors are increasingly vital in medical education.
  • Medical student empathy significantly impacts physician-patient interactions, clinical outcomes, and patient satisfaction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the construct of empathy and its interpersonal correlates in medical students using interpersonal theory.
  • To investigate the relationship between empathy factors (perspective taking, compassionate care, walking in the patient's shoes) and interpersonal styles.

Main Methods:

  • 163 medical students from a southeastern US academic health center participated.
  • Assessed empathy using the medical student version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy.
  • Utilized interpersonal assessments including the International Personality Item Pool-Interpersonal Circumplex, Interpersonal Support Evaluation List, and UCLA Loneliness Scale.

Main Results:

  • All empathy factors correlated with interpersonal warmth.
  • Perspective taking and compassionate care were associated with submissiveness.
  • Walking in the patient's shoes uniquely correlated with greater social support and reduced loneliness.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct interpersonal styles are associated with different facets of medical student empathy.
  • Findings suggest implications for medical education and professional development, highlighting the importance of interpersonal skills training.