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Predicting colostrum quality from performance in the previous lactation and environmental changes.

R G Cabral1, C E Chapman1, K M Aragona1

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham 03824.

Journal of Dairy Science
|March 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Previous lactation performance and environmental factors can predict dairy cow colostrum quality. Dairy Herd Improvement data and weather information help estimate immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration in colostrum for improved calf health.

Keywords:
colostrumimmunoglobulin Gprediction equation

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Dairy Science
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Colostrum quality is crucial for passive immunity transfer in newborn calves.
  • Predicting colostrum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration can optimize calf health management.
  • Cow performance and environmental conditions are potential predictors of colostrum quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if previous lactation performance and prepartum environmental factors predict colostrum quality in Holstein cows.
  • To develop a regression model for estimating colostrum IgG concentration.

Main Methods:

  • Collected 111 colostrum samples from nine New Hampshire Holstein dairies (2011-2014).
  • Analyzed colostrum for IgG concentration and yield.
  • Compiled Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) data and weather data (days below 5°C, days above 23°C) for previous lactation and prepartum periods.
  • Developed a regression model using backward elimination and validated it with independent samples.

Main Results:

  • Colostrum yield was negatively correlated with IgG concentration.
  • Previous lactation metrics like fat yield, fat percent, protein yield, and protein percent were significant predictors of IgG concentration.
  • The validated regression model predicted colostrum IgG concentration with a mean difference of 13.6 g/L from actual values.

Conclusions:

  • Previous lactation Dairy Herd Improvement data and weather data are valuable for predicting colostrum IgG concentration.
  • This predictive capability can aid in managing calf health and improving dairy farm productivity.
  • Environmental factors and cow performance offer insights into colostrum quality assessment.