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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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The Retinoblastoma Gene01:20

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Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Implantation and Evaluation of Melanoma in the Murine Choroid via Optical Coherence Tomography
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Implantation and Evaluation of Melanoma in the Murine Choroid via Optical Coherence Tomography

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Uveal melanoma.

Seema Kashyap1, Rachna Meel2, Lata Singh1

  • 1Department of Ocular Pathology, Dr R. P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
|March 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Uveal melanoma, a common eye cancer, has poor outcomes due to metastasis, unlike retinoblastoma. Current prognostication methods are being updated to improve patient survival rates.

Keywords:
MelanomaMolecular PathologyOcular neoplasmsUveal diseases

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Uveal melanoma is the most frequent primary eye malignancy in adults.
  • It carries a high risk of distant spread and mortality, with outcomes unchanged despite treatment advances.
  • Approximately 50% of patients develop metastatic disease within 15 years, possibly due to diagnostic delays and tumor vascularity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on uveal melanoma.
  • To highlight factors influencing prognostication and potential improvements.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical knowledge on uveal melanoma.
  • Analysis of factors used in prognostication, including tumor characteristics and molecular profiling.
  • Consideration of updates from the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) manual.

Main Results:

  • Prognostication relies on tumor size, location, histopathology, cytogenetics, and molecular profiling.
  • The revised 7th edition AJCC manual offers new information for improved prognostication.

Conclusions:

  • Outcomes for uveal melanoma patients have not improved significantly.
  • Further research and updated prognostication tools are crucial for improving patient survival.