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The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...
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Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
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IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
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Forgotten Ureteral Stents: An Avoidable Morbidity.

Badar Murtaza1, Sarwar Alvi2

  • 1Department of Urology, Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Sialkot.

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Forgotten ureteral stents can lead to serious health issues like recurrent UTIs and chronic kidney disease. Patient unawareness of stent placement is a primary cause of these preventable complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Ureteral stents are commonly used medical devices.
  • Forgotten ureteral stents can lead to significant patient morbidity.
  • Etiological factors for stent retention require investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the clinical presentation of forgotten ureteral stents.
  • To identify the causes of ureteral stent retention.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study conducted at the Department of Urology, Armed Forces Institute of Urology, Rawalpindi.
  • 38 patients with ureteral stents retained for over 6 months were enrolled.
  • Patient awareness and clinical conditions were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Forgotten stents led to recurrent UTIs (73.6%), calculus formation (52.6%), and fragmentation (13.1%).
  • 18.4% of patients developed chronic kidney disease, including ESRD.
  • 60.5% of patients were unaware of stent placement; 21.0% knew but were reluctant for removal.

Conclusions:

  • Forgotten ureteral stents present with diverse clinical features, including recurrent UTIs and ESRD.
  • Patient and relative unawareness is a major factor in ureteral stent retention.
  • Improved patient education and follow-up can prevent this urological complication.