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Risk factors for central venous catheter-related thrombosis in children: a retrospective analysis

Kai Chen1, Arnav Agarwal, Maria Cristina Tassone

  • 1aFaculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, CanadabFaculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, CanadacFaculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, CanadadDepartment of Surgery, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, ON, CanadaeDepartment of Pediatrics, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Blood Coagulation & Fibrinolysis : an International Journal in Haemostasis and Thrombosis
|March 16, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Central venous catheter (CVC) placement increases thrombosis risk in children. Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is a key risk factor, while catheter tip position and type showed no significant impact in this study.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Central venous catheters (CVCs) are crucial in pediatric care but linked to thrombosis.
  • Understanding CVC-related thrombosis risk factors in children is vital for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify clinical and catheter-related risk factors for CVC-associated thrombosis in pediatric patients.
  • To specifically evaluate the impact of catheter tip positioning on thrombosis development.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 104 pediatric patients (0-18 years) with 147 CVC placements (2008-2013).
  • Data collected on clinical factors, catheter type, insertion site, and tip position.
  • Statistical analysis included Pearson's χ tests, independent samples t-test, and odds ratios.

Main Results:

  • No significant association found between insertion site, side, or catheter type and thrombosis.
  • Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia identified as a significant clinical risk factor for thrombosis.
  • No thrombotic events at the SVC-right atrium junction; no significant risk difference based on initial tip placement location.

Conclusions:

  • Catheter tip position and type were not significant predictors of CVC-related thrombosis in this cohort.
  • Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is a critical clinical risk factor.
  • Catheter tip migration may play a role; further research on imaging's preventive role is warranted.

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