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Related Experiment Video

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Assessment of Spatial Lingual Tactile Sensitivity using a Gratings Orientation Test
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Caution warranted in extrapolating from Boston Naming Test item gradation construct.

Robert A Beattey1, Hilary Murphy2, Melinda Cornwell2

  • 1a Psychology, John Jay College and the Graduate Center , City University of New York , New York , New York , USA.

Applied Neuropsychology. Adult
|March 17, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Boston Naming Test (BNT) may not accurately reflect item difficulty due to changing word frequencies. Clinicians should use caution when interpreting BNT results as items are not ordered by difficulty.

Keywords:
AphasiaBoston Naming Testconfrontation namingword frequency

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Area of Science:

  • Neuropsychology
  • Linguistics
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • The Boston Naming Test (BNT) is a widely used tool for assessing confrontation naming abilities.
  • It was theoretically designed with items ordered by word frequency to reflect increasing difficulty.
  • Changes in word frequencies over time may impact the BNT's validity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the ecological frequency of BNT items at publication and assess changes over time.
  • To determine if BNT items are presented in order of increasing word frequency.
  • To propose a method for creating naming tests with items normally distributed across a language corpus.

Main Methods:

  • Identified the ecological frequency of BNT items using the American Heritage Word Frequency Book.
  • Analyzed frequency changes over time by comparing BNT items to the Corpus of Contemporary American English.
  • Assessed the distribution and differentiation of word frequencies across BNT items.

Main Results:

  • Found an uneven distribution of BNT item frequencies across the two corpora.
  • Observed negligible differentiation in relative word frequency among many test items.
  • Determined that BNT items are not consistently presented in order of increasing frequency.

Conclusions:

  • Clinicians and researchers should exercise caution when using the BNT, as its items are not reliably ordered by difficulty.
  • The theoretical construct of increasing difficulty based on word frequency may be compromised by temporal changes in language.
  • A new method for item selection in naming tests is proposed to ensure normal frequency distribution.