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Association between Berg Balance, Physiological Profile Assessment and Physical Activity, Physical Function and Body

D J Smee1, H L Berry, G Waddington

  • 1Disa J. Smee, 12C16, Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia 2601, Phone: +61 (0)2 62012927, Fax: +61 (0)2 62015615,

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Summary

Falls risk assessment differs between sexes. The Physiological Profile Assessment is more useful for females, while the Berg Balance Scale is better for older adults with lower physical function.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Biomechanics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Falls are a significant concern for older adults, leading to high healthcare costs.
  • The relationship between fall risk predictors and actual falls is complex.
  • Objective measures of fall risk are crucial for effective intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between two objective fall-risk measures: Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS).
  • To determine the impact of sex, physical function, health, and body composition on these fall-risk measures.
  • To investigate sex-specific differences in fall risk assessment.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional, observational study involving 245 community-dwelling older adults.
  • Assessment of falls risk using PPA and BBS, alongside physical activity, function, and body composition.
  • Statistical analysis included Pearson correlations and hierarchical multiple linear regression.

Main Results:

  • A weak association was found between PPA and BBS in females (r = -0.17, p < 0.05).
  • Previous falls explained 6% of PPA variance; lumbar spine bone density added 1%.
  • Age and physical function significantly explained variance in BBS scores (25% age; 16-28% physical function by sex).

Conclusions:

  • Sex differences in fall risk are evident, necessitating tailored assessment and treatment approaches.
  • PPA and BBS measure distinct aspects of balance and are not interchangeable.
  • BBS may be more suitable for older adults with lower physical function, while PPA is more useful for assessing fall risk in females.