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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice
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Ulcerative Colitis Is Characterized by a Decrease in Regulatory B Cells.

Xinrui Wang1, Yonggang Zhu2, Manli Zhang1

  • 1Department of Central Laboratory, the First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.

Journal of Crohn'S & Colitis
|March 17, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Regulatory B cells (Bregs) are diminished in active ulcerative colitis (UC), indicating a loss of immune control. This study found reduced Bregs and IL-10 in UC patients, suggesting immune dysregulation in this inflammatory bowel disease.

Keywords:
Breg exhaustionCD95Ulcerative colitisregulatory B cells

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Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine
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Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine
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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) involves Th2-polarized, B cell immune responses.
  • The role and characteristics of regulatory B cells (Bregs) in active UC remain largely uninvestigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the size, composition, and activity of the Breg compartment in patients with active UC.
  • To compare Breg subsets and related immune markers in UC patients versus controls.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood and intestinal tissues from UC patients, Crohn's disease patients, and healthy controls.
  • Measurement of serum interleukin-10 (IL-10), immunoglobulin (Ig), C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).
  • Assessment of IL-10 production in isolated B cells and correlation analysis of clinical and immunological parameters.

Main Results:

  • UC patients exhibited significantly reduced frequencies of CD24highCD38high and CD5+ Bregs in both blood and intestinal tissues.
  • Lower serum IL-10 levels and decreased IL-10 production by B cells were observed in UC patients.
  • Increased percentages of CD95+-exhausted Bregs correlated with higher disease activity (Mayo score, CRP, ESR) and IgG levels.

Conclusions:

  • Active UC is characterized by a significant reduction and functional impairment of regulatory B cells.
  • The findings suggest an exhaustion of regulatory control within the B cell compartment contributes to UC pathogenesis.