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Vancomycin-Resistant Pseudomonas Aeroginosa in the Cases of Trauma
Koorosh Ahmadi1, Amir Masoud Hashemian2, Ehsan Bolvardi2
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
Background:
One of the main problems in the treatment of cases of P. aeruginosa especially in the orthopedic infections is the occurrence of high antibiotic resistance. The present study was carried out in order to investigate the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant P. aeruginosa in the cases of trauma in Iran.
Methods:
Two hundred and fifty swab samples were collected from the site of trauma from the patients who referred to the orthopedic wards of the Iranian health centers. Samples were cultured immediately and those that were P. aeruginosa-positive were analyzed by the disk diffusion method.
Results:
Of 250 swab samples collected, 43 were positive for P. aeruginosa (17.2%). The results of the culture technique were also confirmed by the PCR reaction. Of 43 P. aeruginosa isolates, 32 strains (74.41%) were resistant to vancomycin. Total prevalence of bacteria in Tehran and Mashhad hospitals were 18.46% and 15.83%, respectively. Statistically significant difference was seen for the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant P. aeruginosa between the samples collected from Tehran and Mashhad (P =0.027). More than 55 years old and less than 10 years old patients had the highest prevalence of P. aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa strains of male and more than 55 years old patients harbored the highest levels of resistance against vancomycin.
Conclusions:
It is logical to primary identification of type of bacteria causing infection in the site of trauma and then using from the disk diffusion method to choose the best antimicrobial agent. Highest levels of health care should be performed for the patients less than 10 years and more than 55 years old patients.
Insights
High vancomycin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a major challenge in orthopedic trauma infections in Iran. This study found 74.41% of P. aeruginosa isolates from trauma patients were vancomycin-resistant, particularly in older and younger age groups.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Antibiotic Resistance
Background:
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) poses significant challenges in orthopedic infections due to high antibiotic resistance.
- Investigating the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant P. aeruginosa in trauma cases in Iran is crucial for effective treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of vancomycin-resistant P. aeruginosa in patients with traumatic injuries in Iran.
- To identify risk factors associated with P. aeruginosa infections and vancomycin resistance in this population.
Main Methods:
- Collected 250 swab samples from trauma sites in orthopedic wards across Iranian health centers.
- Utilized disk diffusion method for antibiotic susceptibility testing and PCR for confirmation of P. aeruginosa isolates.
- Analyzed prevalence data based on geographical location and patient demographics.
Main Results:
- Identified P. aeruginosa in 17.2% (43/250) of swab samples.
- Found a high rate of vancomycin resistance, with 74.41% (32/43) of P. aeruginosa isolates exhibiting resistance.
- Observed significant differences in prevalence between Tehran (18.46%) and Mashhad (15.83%) (P=0.027), with higher rates in patients <10 and >55 years old. Male and older patients (>55 years) showed higher vancomycin resistance.
Conclusions:
- Emphasizes the need for primary identification of causative bacteria and susceptibility testing (disk diffusion) to guide antimicrobial therapy in trauma infections.
- Recommends heightened healthcare vigilance for pediatric (<10 years) and elderly (>55 years) trauma patients due to higher prevalence rates.
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