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[Vitamin A and the liver--current knowledge].

T Körner1, F W Rath, R Nilius

  • 1Abteilung für Hepatologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg.

Gastroenterologisches Journal : Organ Der Gesellschaft Fur Gastroenterologie Der DDR
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Vitamin A (VA) is stored in liver Ito cells. Chronic liver disease, particularly alcoholic, depletes vitamin A due to accelerated metabolism, impacting liver health.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Cell Biology

Context:

  • Ito cells, specialized liver fibroblasts, store approximately 80% of the liver's vitamin A.
  • Vitamin A (retinol) absorption involves intestinal uptake, chylomicron transport, and receptor-mediated endocytosis by hepatocytes.
  • Hepatocytes transport retinol to Ito cells via retinol-binding protein for storage as lipid droplets.

Purpose:

  • To survey the metabolism and effects of vitamin A.
  • To elucidate the role of hepatic Ito cells in vitamin A storage and transport.
  • To explain the causes and therapeutic strategies for vitamin A deficiency in liver diseases.

Summary:

  • Vitamin A metabolism and the function of hepatic Ito cells in its storage are reviewed.
  • Ito cells are crucial for storing vitamin A, sequestering it from hepatocytes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Chronic liver diseases, especially alcoholic liver disease, are associated with significantly reduced liver vitamin A content.
  • Accelerated microsomal metabolism of vitamin A contributes to its deficiency in chronic alcoholic liver disease.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the critical role of Ito cells in maintaining hepatic vitamin A homeostasis.
    • Explains the mechanism behind vitamin A deficiency in alcoholic liver disease.
    • Provides insights into potential therapeutic approaches for vitamin A deficiency in liver conditions.