Prevalence of Conventional Risk Factors in ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients in Shahid Gangalal
C M Adhikari1, D Prajapati1, B Baniya1
1Department of Cardiology, Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre, Bansbari, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Insights
Conventional risk factors like hypertension and smoking are highly prevalent in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients. Early detection and management are crucial for preventing coronary artery disease.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a significant health concern.
- Conventional risk factors include smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
- The prevalence of these risk factors varies globally.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of conventional risk factors in patients diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
- To analyze the distribution of these risk factors among STEMI patients discharged from a specific hospital.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of medical records.
- Inclusion of 495 patients diagnosed with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
- Data collected for the period between January 2012 and December 2012.
Main Results:
- Hypertension (65%), smoking (57.8%), and dyslipidemia (45.5%) were the most common risk factors.
- Diabetes mellitus (31.1%) was the least prevalent.
- Smoking was significantly more common in males (76.8%) compared to females (49.5%).
Conclusions:
- Conventional risk factors are highly prevalent in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients.
- Prompt identification and treatment of these factors are essential for CAD prevention.
- Increased focus on national preventive programs is recommended.
Introduction:
Smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are labelled as conventional risk factors for coronary artery disease. Prevalence of these risk factors varies across populations. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of these conventional risk factors in patients, who were discharged from our hospital, with the diagnosis of ST elevation myocardial infarction.
Methods:
Medical records of 495 ST elevation myocardial infarction patients discharged from our centre in between January 2012 to December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate the prevalence of conventional risk factors.
Results:
Clear dominance (75%) of male patients was seen. Inferior wall myocardial infarction (29.9%) was the most common diagnosis followed by anterior wall myocardial infarction (25.1%). Hypertension (65%), smoking (57.8%) and dyslipidemia (45.5%) were the most common risk factors. Diabetes (31.1%) was the least common. Prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia was similar among male and female. Smoking was statistically common in male (76.8%vs 49.5%),though diabetes was common in female (36.5%vs.29.3%) not statistically significant.
Conclusions:
Conventional risk factors are common among ST elevation myocardial infarction patients. Early detection and treatment of these risk factors play a vital role for the prevention of coronary artery disease. Much more focus should be stressed on preventive programs throughout the country.
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