Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

736
In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
736
Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission01:14

Molecular Spectroscopy: Absorption and Emission

5.3K
Molecules possess discrete energy levels called quantum states. Unlike atoms, which have simpler energy levels, molecules possess additional rotational and vibrational energy levels.  Each energy level is separated by an energy gap, with the gaps between adjacent electronic, vibrational, and rotational levels varying significantly. The three types of energy levels in a diatomic molecule are shown in Figure 1.
5.3K
Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence01:23

Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence

3.4K
Atomic spectroscopy is a vital tool in elemental analysis, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It can be broadly divided into optical spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy methods. The optical spectroscopic methods are atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS). The first step in all three methods is atomization, where the solid, liquid, or solution-phase samples are converted into gas-phase atoms and...
3.4K
Emission Spectra02:39

Emission Spectra

78.2K
When solids, liquids, or condensed gases are heated sufficiently, they radiate some of the excess energy as light. Photons produced in this manner have a range of energies, and thereby produce a continuous spectrum in which an unbroken series of wavelengths is present.
78.2K
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

4.2K
Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
4.2K
Interaction of EM Radiation with Matter: Spectroscopy01:12

Interaction of EM Radiation with Matter: Spectroscopy

3.8K
Electromagnetic (EM) radiation can be considered an oscillating electric and magnetic field propagating through a medium that can interact with matter in its path. The electric field in the radiation can interact with electrical charges in the atoms or molecules in the matter. On the other hand, the magnetic field can interact with the magnetic field in the atomic nucleus. The study of the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter is termed spectroscopy. Spectroscopy is the study...
3.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Observation of Floquet rotational super-radiance.

Nature·2026
Same author

Broadband Radiative Heat Transfer Suppression via Dispersion-Engineered Metasurfaces.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Mie Scattering Analog Circuit Emulator.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Minkowski-Space Modeling of Hyperbolic Lenses.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Enhancing the antenna radiation-bandwidth product with dual-tone temporal modulation.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Freeform Mode-Engineered Metasurfaces.

Nano letters·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Measurement and Analysis of Atomic Hydrogen and Diatomic Molecular AlO, C2, CN, and TiO Spectra Following Laser-induced Optical Breakdown
09:40

Measurement and Analysis of Atomic Hydrogen and Diatomic Molecular AlO, C2, CN, and TiO Spectra Following Laser-induced Optical Breakdown

Published on: February 14, 2014

14.7K

Breaking temporal symmetries for emission and absorption.

Yakir Hadad1, Jason C Soric1, Andrea Alu2

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78701.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|March 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study demonstrates a spatiotemporally modulated device that breaks time-reversal symmetry, enabling drastically different emission and absorption properties. This innovation has potential applications in advanced radiofrequency communication and energy technologies.

Keywords:
antennaselectrical engineeringmetamaterialsnonreciprocityspatiotemporal modulation

More Related Videos

Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers
08:51

Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers

Published on: August 18, 2017

11.0K
A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
06:48

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

Published on: December 30, 2025

690

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Measurement and Analysis of Atomic Hydrogen and Diatomic Molecular AlO, C2, CN, and TiO Spectra Following Laser-induced Optical Breakdown
09:40

Measurement and Analysis of Atomic Hydrogen and Diatomic Molecular AlO, C2, CN, and TiO Spectra Following Laser-induced Optical Breakdown

Published on: February 14, 2014

14.7K
Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers
08:51

Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers

Published on: August 18, 2017

11.0K
A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
06:48

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

Published on: December 30, 2025

690

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Electromagnetics
  • Thermodynamics

Background:

  • Time-reversal symmetries constrain emission and absorption in reciprocal systems.
  • Kirchhoff's law (e=a) limits absorber efficiency by requiring emission back to the source.
  • Existing methods for breaking symmetry often involve weak modulation or mechanical motion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically and experimentally demonstrate a device with drastically different emission and absorption properties.
  • To explore the potential of spatiotemporal modulation for breaking time-reversal symmetry.
  • To advance applications in radiofrequency communication, energy harvesting, and thermal management.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of spatiotemporally modulated structures.
  • Experimental validation of the proposed device concept.
  • Analysis of emission and absorption characteristics under modulation.

Main Results:

  • A spatiotemporally modulated device was designed and shown to exhibit distinct emission and absorption behaviors.
  • The proposed method effectively breaks time-reversal symmetry in the system.
  • Significant differences between emission and absorption properties were achieved.

Conclusions:

  • Spatiotemporal modulation offers a powerful approach to decouple emission and absorption.
  • This technique can overcome limitations imposed by traditional reciprocity principles.
  • The findings pave the way for enhanced performance in communication, energy harvesting, and thermal management systems.