Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Assembly of Cytoskeletal Filaments

Assembly of Cytoskeletal Filaments

Cytoskeletal filaments are polymeric forms of smaller protein subunits. However, individual cytoskeletal filaments may easily disassemble or associate with other similar filaments to form rigid structures. Microfilaments, made of actin monomers, rely on actin-binding proteins to form bundles and create networks of individual actin filaments. Microtubules rely on microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) to form sturdy cylindrical structures. However, the proteins involved in forming complex...

Protein Complex Assembly

Protein Complex Assembly

Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types. Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...

Generation of Straight or Branched Actin Filaments

Generation of Straight or Branched Actin Filaments

The straight or branched structure formation of actin filaments is controlled by nucleating proteins such as the formins and Arp2/3 complex. Formin-mediated assembly results in straight filaments, whereas Arp2/3 protein complex-mediated assembly results in branched actin filaments.
Arp2/3 Complex
Arp2/3 complex is a seven-subunit complex consisting of two proteins similar to actin- Arp2 and Arp3, and five other subunits that help keep Arp2 and Arp3 inactive. When required, the complex is...

First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium

First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium

Newton's first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force. It also states that there must be a cause for any change in velocity (a change in either magnitude or direction) to occur. This cause is a net external force. For example, consider what happens to an object sliding along a rough horizontal surface. The object quickly grinds to a halt, due to the net force of friction. If...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Identifiability, Sensitivity, and Genetic Algorithms in Bacterial Biofilm Selection Models.

Bulletin of mathematical biology·2026

Same author

Enhancing generalizability of model discovery across parameter space with multi-experiment equation learning for biological systems.

PLoS computational biology·2026

Same author

Studying the Effects of Oral Contraceptives on Coagulation Using a Mathematical Modeling Approach.

Mathematical modeling for women's health : Collaborative Workshop for Women in Mathematical Biolog. Collaborative Workshop for Women in Mathematical Biology (2022)·2025

Same author

A stochastic model of prion dynamics with conversion and fragmentation.

Mathematical biosciences·2025

Same author

Mathematical analysis of emicizumab: affinity-driven complex formation and lipid-surface reactions.

Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH·2025

Same author

Sparse Negative Binomial Signal Recovery for Genomic Variant Prediction in Diploid Species.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference·2025

Same journal

Erratum: Low-dimensional model for adaptive networks of spiking neurons [Phys. Rev. E 111, 014422 (2025)].

Physical review. E·2026

Same journal

Disentangling the effects of many-body forces on depletion interactions.

Physical review. E·2026

Same journal

Charge transport and mode transition in dual-energy electron beam diodes.

Physical review. E·2026

Same journal

Optimization of multisite reactions in complex compartmentalized media.

Physical review. E·2026

Same journal

Origin of geometric cohesion in nonconvex granular materials: Interplay between interdigitation and rotational constraints enhancing frictional stability.

Physical review. E·2026

Same journal

Interaction of walkers with a standing Faraday wave.

Physical review. E·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Self-Assembly of Microtubule Tactoids

Self-Assembly of Microtubule Tactoids

Published on: June 23, 2022

Initial condition of stochastic self-assembly.

Jason K Davis¹, Suzanne S Sindi¹

¹University of California, Merced, 5200 N Lake Road, Merced, California 95343, USA.

Physical Review. E

|March 18, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Prion disease onset depends on protein aggregate formation time. This study introduces a new initial condition for modeling aggregation, offering a more realistic approach than previous methods for biological systems.

More Related Videos

Patterning of Microorganisms and Microparticles through Sequential Capillarity-assisted Assembly

Patterning of Microorganisms and Microparticles through Sequential Capillarity-assisted Assembly

Published on: November 4, 2021

Self-assembly of Complex Two-dimensional Shapes from Single-stranded DNA Tiles

Self-assembly of Complex Two-dimensional Shapes from Single-stranded DNA Tiles

Published on: May 8, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 24, 2026

Self-Assembly of Microtubule Tactoids

Self-Assembly of Microtubule Tactoids

Published on: June 23, 2022

Patterning of Microorganisms and Microparticles through Sequential Capillarity-assisted Assembly

Patterning of Microorganisms and Microparticles through Sequential Capillarity-assisted Assembly

Published on: November 4, 2021

Self-assembly of Complex Two-dimensional Shapes from Single-stranded DNA Tiles

Self-assembly of Complex Two-dimensional Shapes from Single-stranded DNA Tiles

Published on: May 8, 2015

Area of Science:

Biophysics
Biochemistry
Physical Chemistry

Background:

Protein aggregate formation is the rate-limiting step in prion diseases.
Nucleation and aggregation are fundamental to many physical, chemical, and biological processes.
Previous models assumed an all-monomer initial state, which may not reflect biological reality.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of different initial conditions on protein aggregation modeling.
To propose a more biologically relevant initial condition for aggregation studies.
To compare the effects of a subcritical aggregate size distribution versus an all-monomer state on waiting times.

Main Methods:

Conditioning the unique ergodic size distribution on subcritical aggregate sizes.
Utilizing this distribution as an initial condition for aggregation models.
Comparing averaged waiting times derived from the new initial condition against the traditional all-monomer condition.

Main Results:

The proposed initial condition, based on subcritical aggregate sizes, carries fewer assumptions than the all-monomer state.
Averaged waiting times can differ significantly when using the subcritical aggregate initial condition compared to the all-monomer condition.
The findings are validated across various models of self-assembly.

Conclusions:

The choice of initial condition significantly influences the predicted waiting times for critical aggregate formation.
Modeling protein aggregation with an initial distribution of subcritical aggregates provides a more accurate representation of biological systems.
This approach offers a refined understanding of prion disease onset and other aggregation-dependent processes.