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Updated: Mar 24, 2026

In Vitro Polymerization of F-actin on Early Endosomes
Published on: August 28, 2017
Caveolin-1-mediated Japanese encephalitis virus entry requires a two-step regulation of actin reorganization
Qingqiang Xu1, Mingmei Cao2, Hongyuan Song3
1Department of Microbiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Biodefense, Shanghai 200433, China.
Aim:
To investigate the detailed mechanism of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) cell entry.
Materials & Methods:
Utilize a siRNA library targeting cellular membrane trafficking genes to identify key molecules that mediate JEV entry into human neuronal cells.
Results:
JEV enters human neuronal cells by caveolin-1-mediated endocytosis, which depends on a two-step regulation of actin cytoskeleton remodeling triggered by RhoA and Rac1: RhoA activation promoted the phosphorylation of caveolin-1, and then Rac1 activation facilitated caveolin-associated viral internalization. Specifically, virus attachment activates the EGFR-PI3K signaling pathway, thereby leading to RhoA activation.
Conclusion:
This work provides a detailed picture of the entry route and intricate cellular events following the entry of JEV into human neuronal cells, and promotes a better understanding of JEV entry.
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