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Area of Science:

  • Marine biology
  • Oceanography
  • Climate change science

Background:

  • Rising anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions drive ocean acidification.
  • Decreased seawater aragonite saturation state (Ω arag) affects marine calcifying organisms.
  • In situ ecosystem responses to ocean acidification are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the community-level sensitivity of calcification to local CO2-induced acidification.
  • To investigate the effects of natural respiration on intertidal ecosystem acidification.
  • To determine the in situ impact of Ω arag on calcification rates.

Main Methods:

  • Studied a biodiverse, temperate intertidal ecosystem.
  • Measured community calcification rates on hourly timescales.
  • Assessed the influence of local CO2-induced acidification and Ω arag.

Main Results:

  • Nighttime community calcification was significantly influenced by Ω arag.
  • Greater net calcium carbonate dissolution occurred under more acidic conditions at night.
  • Daytime calcification showed no detectable effect from Ω arag.

Conclusions:

  • Short-term sensitivity suggests potential for increased nighttime dissolution in intertidal zones.
  • Nighttime dissolution could double by 2050 under projected ocean acidification.
  • Significant ecological and economic consequences are anticipated for intertidal ecosystems.