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Pus, deoxyribonucleic acid, and sputum viscosity.

R Picot, I Das, L Reid

    Thorax
    |April 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in sputum significantly increases viscosity in vitro. However, in vivo, DNA concentration and its forms (cells or fibers) did not correlate with sputum viscosity in various respiratory diseases.

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    Area of Science:

    • Respiratory Medicine
    • Biochemistry
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Sputum viscosity is a key factor in airway clearance.
    • Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is present in sputum and may influence its rheological properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between total deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content and sputum viscosity.
    • To assess the contribution of DNA in different forms (cells and fibers) to sputum viscosity.
    • To study the effect of in vitro DNA addition on sputum viscosity.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of 100 sputum specimens from patients with chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, asthma, and cystic fibrosis.
    • Measurement of total DNA content, dry weight yield, and apparent viscosity at 1350 s-1.
    • Assessment of DNA in cellular and fibrous forms and their correlation with viscosity.
    • In vitro experiments adding DNA to sputum to observe viscosity changes.

    Main Results:

    • Significant differences in total DNA and dry weight yield were observed between mucoid, mucopurulent, and purulent sputum types.
    • Sputum viscosity did not significantly correlate with purulence.
    • Neither cellular nor fibrous DNA concentrations correlated significantly with viscosity in vivo.
    • In vitro addition of DNA to sputum resulted in a significant increase in viscosity.

    Conclusions:

    • While in vitro addition of DNA increases sputum viscosity, the in vivo relationship is complex.
    • Other sputum constituents influence viscosity, with varying effects across different respiratory diseases.
    • The role of DNA in determining sputum rheology in vivo requires further investigation beyond simple concentration.

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