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Related Concept Videos

Complex Numbers01:29

Complex Numbers

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The real number system cannot represent the square root of a negative number, which restricts solutions for certain equations, such as quadratics with negative discriminants. To address this, the complex number system was developed, introducing the imaginary unit i, where i = √(-1). This extension allows for the representation of all roots, including those involving negative radicands.A complex number is written in the form x + yi, where x and y are real numbers. Here, x represents the...
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Protein Complex Assembly02:41

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Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
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Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

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Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Complex Power01:14

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Power engineers have introduced the concept of complex power to determine the cumulative effect of parallel loads. This idea plays a crucial role in power analysis because it encompasses all the details related to the power consumed by a specific load.
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Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

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In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
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Intradermal Inoculation of Mycobacterium avium in the Mouse Ear
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Mycobacterium avium complex infection.

Chetan Vedvyas1, Marianna Shvartsbeyn, Nooshin Brinster

  • 1New York University School of Medicine.

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|March 19, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A 30-year-old woman developed persistent skin lesions due to Mycobacterium avium complex infection. This case highlights the potential link between pedicures and cutaneous nontuberculous mycobacterial infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Cutaneous nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections present with diverse clinical manifestations.
  • Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is a common cause of NTM infections.

Observation:

  • A 30-year-old woman presented with a three-year history of papules, nodules, and ulcers on her left lower extremity.
  • Skin biopsy revealed dermal fibrosis, granulomatous inflammation, and necrosis.
  • Tissue culture confirmed Mycobacterium avium complex infection.

Findings:

  • The patient's skin lesions were histopathologically characterized by granulomatous inflammation and necrosis.
  • Microbiological analysis identified Mycobacterium avium complex as the causative agent.
  • The clinical presentation and biopsy findings are consistent with a cutaneous NTM infection.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering NTM infections in patients with chronic, non-healing skin lesions.
  • The potential association with pedicures suggests a possible route of inoculation for NTM.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the epidemiology and prevention of pedicure-associated NTM infections.