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Obstructive sleep apnea in children with cerebral palsy and epilepsy

John Garcia1, Beverly Wical1, William Wical1

  • 1Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare, Saint Paul, MN, USA.

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
|March 19, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) and epilepsy face a higher risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Routine screening using questionnaires is recommended, especially for those with severe CP or co-occurring epilepsy.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a significant concern in pediatric populations.
  • Cerebral palsy (CP) and epilepsy are common neurological conditions in children that may influence sleep health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of OSA in children with CP and/or epilepsy.
  • To compare OSA risk across different subgroups of children with CP and epilepsy.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 215 children.
  • Utilized the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ), Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and chart reviews.
  • Grouped participants into those with epilepsy, CP, both, or neither (developmental disability comparison group).

Main Results:

  • Children with CP (58%) and CP with epilepsy (67%) showed significantly higher PSQ scores (indicating OSA risk) compared to the comparison group (27%).
  • Increased OSA risk correlated with greater CP severity (GMFCS) and the presence of comorbid epilepsy.
  • The PSQ identified significantly more children at risk for OSA (46%) than medical record review (8.2%).

Conclusions:

  • Children with CP, particularly those with severe forms or co-existing epilepsy, are at an elevated risk for OSA.
  • Routine, questionnaire-based screening for OSA should be integrated into the care of children with CP.
Abstract

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