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Pattern of Pediatric Admissions in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Central Nepal
S K Gupta1, B K Sarmah1, D Tiwari1
1Department of Pediatrics, College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal.
Insights
Pediatric hospital admissions are dominated by children under five years old, primarily due to respiratory and gastrointestinal illnesses. This highlights the need for targeted healthcare planning and resource allocation for pediatric inpatient care.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Healthcare Management
Background:
- Understanding pediatric hospital admission trends is crucial for effective healthcare planning and resource allocation.
- Limited data exists on pediatric admissions outside major urban centers, necessitating regional studies.
- Epidemiological data informs morbidity, mortality, and economic impact assessments in pediatric healthcare.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the epidemiological patterns of pediatric inpatient admissions.
- To identify common diseases and outcomes in pediatric admissions.
- To provide data for resource allocation in pediatric healthcare.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study was conducted over one year at a teaching hospital in Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal.
- Data collected included patient demographics, seasonal variations, disease frequency by organ system, length of stay, and outcomes.
- All pediatric admissions were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Children under five years constituted 68.8% of the 814 admissions.
- The male to female ratio was 1.9:1, with most admissions (43.6%) from Chitwan district.
- Respiratory, gastrointestinal, and neurological conditions were the leading causes of admission.
Conclusions:
- Children under five years accounted for two-thirds of hospital admissions.
- Pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infections (URTI), and acute gastroenteritis were the most frequent diagnoses.
- The study underscores the significant burden of common infectious diseases in pediatric admissions.
Introduction:
An understanding of the epidemiological trend in hospital admissions, including morbidity and mortality patterns and the economic impact, is critical for healthcare planning and appropriate resource allocation. As we find very few literature on the pattern of paediatric admissions outside Kathmandu Valley, it is essential to conduct studies in the various parts of the country to determine the paediatric inpatient burden as well resource allocations.
Methods:
A retrospective study was carried out at Department of Pediatrics, College of Medical Sciences-Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal over a period of one year. All the admissions were analyzed for age, sex, address, seasonal variation, frequency of diseases according to the organ system involved, duration of hospital stay, and the outcome.
Results:
Out of the total 814 cases admitted 68.8% of the patients were younger than five years. There was male preponderance with male to female ratio of 1.9:1. Majority (43.6%) admissions were from Chitwan itself. Respiratory, gastrointestinal and neurologic conditions were the main cause for admission. The mean duration of hospital stay was 5.28 days and the mortality was only 0.1%.
Conclusions:
In this study under five-year patients contributed to 2/3rd of the hospital admissions. Respiratory, gastrointestinal and neurologic conditions were the main cause for admission with pneumonia, URTI and acute gastroenteritis being the most common diseases.
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